Chapter 1. FACTS
ABOUT MOULDS
* What are Moulds?
Forms and Appearance
Habitat
Dispersal
Indoor Mould
Outdoor Mould
High Outdoor Humidity
Road Dust as Source of Airborne Allergens
Mould and Moisture
Impacts of Moulds at Home
*
Mould Exposure
Pathways of Exposure
Exposure during Clean-up
Mould Exposure Mechanisms
*
Mould Cases and Litigations
Mould Litigation
Mould Cases
The IBM Case
The Ballard Case
Denver International
Airport
Nicholson v. Metro
Property Management, Inc.
Mould Claims
Mould Health Claims
Mould
Insurance
Personal Injury and Property
Damages
Proactive Steps
* Mould-Related
Illnesses and Disorders
Risk Individuals
Health Conditions
Common Signs and Symptoms
Hazardous Mould Species
Aspergillus and
Aspergilliosis
Aspergilliosis
Stachybotrys
chartarum
* Antifungal Agents
Amphotericin B, nystatin
Precautions
Side Effects
Fluconazole, itraconazole,
ketoconazole
Precautions
Side Effects
Naftifine, terbinafine
Precautions
Side Effects
Flucytosine
Precautions
Miscellaneous Antifungals
Chapter 2.
MOST-COMMON Mould-RELATED ILLNESSES
* Allergy
Allergy Signs and Symptoms
More Allergy Symptoms
Allergy Causes
Allergy Treatment and Management
Allergy Desensitization
(Immunotherapy)
Allergic Rhinitis
Risk Factors
Comorbidities of Allergic
Rhinitis
Causes
Rhinitis Allergens
Cockroach allergen
Moulds or Fungi
Signs and Symptoms
Patterns of Symptom Production
Seasonal Allergic Rhinitis
Perennial Allergic Rhinitis
Diseases Confused with Allergic Rhinitis
Nonallergic Rhinitis
Polyps
Vasomotor Rhinitis
Infectious Rhinitis
Occupational Rhinitis
Foreign Body Rhinitis
Hormonal Rhinitis
Drug-induced Rhinitis
Rhinitis Medicamentosa
Food-Related Rhinitis
Other Rhinitis-like Conditions
Chronic Infectious Rhinosinusitis
Sinusitis
Treatment and Management of Allergic
Rhinitis
Avoidance
Antihistamines
Intranasal
Antihistamines
Decongestants
Cromolyn sodium
Intranasal
corticosteroids
Oral corticosteroids
Saline (salt water)
nose drops
Immunotherapy
Environmental
Control
* Asthma
Mould and Asthma
*
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis (HP)
Differential Diagnosis
HP Symptoms
Acute HP
Chronic HP
Forms of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
Immediate Hypersensitivity
Generalized Mould
Hypersensitivity State
HP Management and Treatment
Medications
* Infections
Difference between Infection and Disease
Types of Infections
Diagnosing Infections
Infections or Mycoses
* Mould Infection
Therapies
* Irritation
* Mycotoxins
Superficial Mycoses
Cutaneous Mycoses (Skin
Infections)
Subcutaneous Mycoses
Systemic Mycoses
Opportunistic Mycoses
* Allergic Fungal Sinusitis (AFS)
Fungal Sinusitis Symptoms
Types of Fungal Sinusitis
Medical History and Diagnosis
Allergic Mucin
Chapter
3. BACTERIA and FUNGI INDOOR and OUTDOOR
* Outdoor Bacteria and Fungi
* Indoor Bacteria
and Fungi
* Bacteria and Fungi
Common on Building Materials
* Microbial Volatile
Organic Compounds
* Bacteria and Fungi
Metabolites
* Toxic Effects of
Bacteria and Fungi
Carcinogenesis
Dermal Toxicity
Immunotoxicity
Mucous Membrane Irritation and
Inflammation
Neurotoxic Effects
Sensory Irritation
Respiratory Effects
Lower Respiratory Tract Effects
Upper Respiratory Tract Effects
Respiratory Infections
Immune-Compromised Persons
Pulmonary Hemorrhage or Hemosiderosis
* Respiratory Tract
Disorders
Airflow Obstruction
Alveolar macrophages
Asthma
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary
Disease (COPD)
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis
(HP)
Inhalation Fever
Mucus Membrane Irritation
Syndrome (MMI)
Sinusitis
* Other Health
Related Complaints and Disorders
Rheumatologic and Other Immune Diseases
* Fungal Diseases
Treatment
Chapter 4.
FUNGALBIONICS
* Medical
Applications
* Food Processing
Applications
* Fungal Metabolites
* Mycotoxins
Chapter
5. Mould CLEANUP AND INSPECTION
* Mould Cleanup
Wet
Vacuum
Damp Wipe
HEPA Vacuum
Disposal of Damaged Materials
Bleach
Biocides
* Mould Inspection
* Efflorescence
* Hidden Mould
* What to Look Out
for
* Where to Look
* With or Without
Water Damage
* Effects of
Cleaning and Ventilation
* Mould Control
Chapter
6. Mould MEASURING AND SAMPLING
* Sampling for Mould
Types of Samples
Air Samples
Bulk Sample
Surface Sample
Non-Viable Sampling
Viable Mould Sampling
When to Test
Mould Sampling Areas
Clearance Sampling
Diagnostic Aid
Pending/Anticipating Litigation
Assessing Microorganisms
Signs and Measurements of Dampness,
Moisture or Mould
Chapter 7. Mould
PREVENTION and REMEDIATION
* Mould Prevention
* Mould Remediation
Skin and Eye Protection
Respiratory Protection
Protective Clothing
Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Remediation Equipment
Relocating Occupants
Finished Remediation/Clean Up?
* Tasks Involved In
Remediation
Take Emergency Actions to
Stop Water Intrusion If Needed
Identify the Vulnerable
Populations
Collect Histories of Building
and Occupants
Determine Extent and Location of
Fungal Contamination
Identify Moisture Dynamic
Plan Remediation Activities
Establish
Appropriate Containment and Worker and Occupant Protection
Eliminate or Limit
Moisture Sources and Dry the Materials
Decontaminate or
Remove Damaged Materials as Appropriate
Evaluate Whether the
Space Has Been Successfully Remediated
Reassemble the Space
and Controlling Sources of Moisture and Nutrients
* References
